Speech Away

What listeners actually hear

Faster speech persuades - until it doesn't

Miller, N., Maruyama, G., Beaber, R. J., & Valone, K. (1976). Speed of Speech and Persuasion. JPSP. See also Smith & Shaffer (1991) and curvilinear-rate meta-analyses (Kim et al.).

Miller and colleagues found that speaking faster made a message more persuasive and the speaker more credible - listeners read speed as competence. But "more is better" is the wrong lesson. Later work showed the relationship is an inverted-U: push past roughly 190 words per minute and comprehension falls off a cliff. The target is not "fast." It is a band.

140-160 wpm evidence-informed target band for sustained delivery
Figure · Schematic · shape illustrativePersuasion & comprehension vs speaking rate
sweet spottoo slow → low energycomprehension drops80240speaking rate (words per minute) →listener uptake
An inverted-U. Energy and credibility climb with rate, then comprehension collapses when you outrun the listener. The 140-160 band is evidence-informed; the exact curve is schematic.

Why a band, not a number

Most delivery targets are curvilinear - there is a cost to too little and too much. Coaching that rewards "ever faster" pushes speakers straight past the peak into incomprehension. The right design is a dead-band: a tolerance zone where the dimension is "good enough" and the coach stays quiet, flagging only genuine drift outside it (bandwidth feedback, Sherwood 1988).

Figure · Reported valuesSpeaking-rate target band
too slowfinetargetfine in burststoo fast90110140160190220words per minute
A dead-band, not a single number: stay silent inside 140-160, flag only sustained drift below 110 or above 190. Bursts past 160 are fine.

What it means for Speech Away

We compute pace from Deepgram's word-level timestamps and score it against the 140-160 band, flagging both sustained too-fast and too-slow - never rewarding raw speed. And because the fix for runaway pace is the same as the fix for fillers - a one-second silent pause - the coach often hits two dimensions with one cue.